What is the definition of evolution in a biological context?

In a biological context, evolution is defined as the change in heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. This definition underscores that evolution is not about individual organisms changing during their lifetimes, but rather about the genetic changes that occur within populations over time. These changes can lead to the adaptation of populations to their environment, speciation, and the development of biodiversity.

The focus on populations emphasizes the role of genetic variation, natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift as mechanisms driving evolutionary change. By understanding evolution in this way, it becomes clear that it is a gradual process that unfolds over many generations, influencing the traits present in a population and potentially leading to new species.

This definition effectively captures the essence of evolutionary theory, which is central to understanding the dynamics of life on Earth and the relationships between species.