What is the correct formula for gene flow?

The correct answer identifies the formula for gene flow, which is represented by m(pm - p). In this context, gene flow refers to the transfer of genetic material between populations, which can affect the allele frequencies within those populations.

In the formula, 'm' represents the migration rate, or the proportion of individuals that migrate between populations. The term (pm - p) signifies the difference in allele frequency for a specific allele between the migratory population (pm) and the recipient population (p). Thus, this formula effectively captures how the migration of individuals and their associated alleles can lead to changes in the genetic makeup of the receiving population.

Gene flow plays a fundamental role in evolution because it can increase genetic diversity, reduce differences between populations, and even counteract the effects of natural selection or genetic drift.